This study was carried out to examine the appropriate explant sources, suitable growth regulators and culture conditions for callus induction and shoot differentiation in Anthurium spp. in vitro. It also attempted to establish the methods of mass production of Anthurium spp..
Callus induction proved to be better in A. andraeanum than in A. scherzerianum, and in increasing the survival rate and callus induction, the dark condition proved to be more effective than the light condition. The callus induction was more effective when the leaf explants were cultured in medium containing BAP 1.0 ㎎/ℓ and 2,4-D 0.1 ㎎/ℓ, and the concentration of NH₄NO₃ was lowered to 206.25 ㎎/ℓ. Of the various kinds of explants of A. andraeanum and A. scherzerianum, young leaf explants with mid-veins were found to be the most effective explant sources for callus induction and for increasing the survival rate. As for inducing callus of A. andraeanum and A. scherzerianum, the cytokinin was more effective than auxin, and out of 5 different cytokinins, PBA and BAP (1.0 ㎎/ℓ) were more effective for callus induction.
The callus proliferation of A. andraeanum and A. scherzerianum was the most effective when BAP 1.0 ㎎/ℓ and 2,4-D 0.01 ㎎/ℓ were added to the medium. Also the light conditions seemed to affect less to callus proliferation. Shoot differentiation from callus of A. andraeanum and A. scherzerianum was optimal when 0.5 ㎎/ℓ 2iP and 0.01 ㎎/ℓ 2,4-D were added to the medium, and the shoot differentiation of A. scherzerianum was more difficult than that of A. andraeanum. It was more efficient to differentiate shoots from the callus induced from leaf explants than from the other explants. To promote shoot differentiation, it was necessary to lower the concentration of NH₄NO₃ to 206.25 ㎎/ℓ. 2iP and kinetin were more efficient for shoot differentiation than the others.
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